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Polish Employment Law

What Does Polish Employment Law Cover?

Employment law governs the relationship between employers and employees, including their respective rights and obligations. In Poland, the applicable rules arise not only from the Polish Labor Code, but also from the Civil Code, other statutes and implementing regulations, as well as internal sources of employment law, including collective bargaining agreements, other collective arrangements, workplace regulations, compensation policies, and organizational bylaws. Every employer operating in Poland must comply with these requirements, and violations of employee rights may result in significant legal, financial, and reputational consequences.

  • Who Can Benefit from Employment Law Advisory in Poland?

    We advise large corporate groups as well as small and midsize businesses across a wide range of industries. By combining the experience of our Polish employment law specialists with the international reach of Grant Thornton, we provide comprehensive support in managing workforces effectively and in compliance with Polish law.

  • When Should You Seek Polish Employment Law Advice?

    Employment law affects businesses throughout the entire employment life cycle. We advise on all aspects of Polish employment law, including hiring and termination, workplace harassment and discrimination, individual and collective dismissals, workforce restructurings and transfers of undertakings, noncompete arrangements, internal employment policies and procedures, and employment-related litigation.

  • What Are the Benefits of Employment Law Advisory in Poland?

    Professional legal support helps employers maintain compliance with evolving Polish and EU employment laws and with the extensive body of case law issued by the Polish labor courts and Supreme Court. It also enables businesses to identify practical solutions they may not otherwise consider, reduce employment-related risk, and make informed workforce decisions aligned with their operational objectives.  

Scope of Support

  • Ongoing employment and civil law support

    Day-to-day legal advice on Polish employment law and related civil law matters. 

  • Advice on establishing, modifying, and terminating employment relationships

    We draft and review employment agreements, civil law contracts, and B2B agreements; prepare noncompete and confidentiality agreements; advise on compliant recruitment; support lawful terminations; negotiate severance arrangements; and assist with workforce restructurings, changes to employment terms, and collective dismissals in Poland. 

  • Drafting employment-related agreement

    We prepare employment agreements, civil law contracts, B2B agreements, and management agreements tailored to the client’s operating model. 

  • Legalization of employment and residence for foreign nationals in Poland

    – assessing a foreign national’s immigration and employment status and identifying lawful engagement options; 

    – obtaining labor market information where required;

    – collecting documents and arranging certified translations;

    – preparing and filing work authorization, visa, and residence applications;

    – obtaining residence documents for family members;

    – communicating with Polish public authorities and representing employers and foreign nationals in administrative proceedings;

    – registering the residence of EU citizens and their family members in Poland; and

    – supporting related formalities, including address registration and obtaining a PESEL identification number.

  • Advice on appointing and removing management personnel

    We prepare the corporate documentation required for the commencement and termination of service and represent businesses before the National Court Register.

  • Noncompete and confidentiality arrangements

    We advise on restrictions applicable during and after employment or a civil law engagement and prepare enforceable confidentiality protections.

  • Unfair competition matters

    We advise on employment-related matters under the Polish Act on Combating Unfair Competition. 

  • Internal employment policies and regulations

    We draft and review workplace regulations, compensation policies, company social benefits fund regulations, collective bargaining agreements, and other internal sources of employment law, taking into account the client’s business model.

  • Codes of ethics and anti-harassment and anti-discrimination policies

    We develop, review, and implement internal policies designed to foster a respectful workplace and prevent discrimination, harassment, and workplace bullying. We also provide related training and awareness initiatives, helping employers manage potential liability under Polish employment law.

  • Diversity, equity, and inclusion policies

    We advise on practical frameworks that support equal opportunity, fair and transparent workplace processes, inclusive decision-making, and a culture of belonging.

  • Employment and social matters under ESG regulations

    We prepare policies and support reporting on workforce matters within the social pillar of ESG.

  • Comprehensive Polish employment law advisory

    workforce restructurings, collective dismissals, and transfers of undertakings;

    – negotiations with trade unions, works councils, and other employee representatives;

    – working time systems and schedules;

    – remote and hybrid work arrangements;

    – compensation structures and employee records; and

    – misconduct, discrimination, harassment, whistleblowing, internal investigations, reporting channels, and codes of ethics.

  • Audits of internal employment regulations

    We align internal regulations with legislative developments and evolving business needs and review whether employment rules are applied lawfully in practice.

  • Employment law and HR due diligence

    We conduct comprehensive employment law audits and HR due diligence reviews, including reviews of employee documentation, procedures, and processes. Our work identifies and helps address labor and employment risks, particularly in domestic and cross-border M&A transactions.

  • Employment litigation throughout Poland

    We represent businesses in disputes involving dismissals, collective redundancies, employee status, terms and conditions of employment, compensation, overtime, bonuses, leave, discrimination, workplace harassment, and noncompete obligations.

  • Support during inspections by the Polish National Labor Inspectorate

    We provide substantive and procedural support before, during, and after inspections, assist with responses and requested materials, and present arguments aimed at mitigating potential penalties.

  • Whistleblower protection

    We assess whether Polish whistleblower protection requirements apply, identify risk areas, prepare and implement internal reporting and follow-up procedures, support internal investigations and remedial action, respond to day-to-day questions, and train management and employees.

See other (12)
Employment of foreign nationals in Poland in 2026

Key changes and important deadlines in immigration regulations

Find out more

FAQ – Polish Immigration Law for Employers

How Can a Foreign National Be Employed Legally and What Formalities Must the Employer Complete?

Lawful employment of a foreign national in Poland generally requires both a legal basis for residence and authorization to work. The employer is typically responsible for obtaining the required work authorization, while the foreign national must maintain a lawful residence status that permits employment. Employers often assist with residence procedures to ensure that the employee’s immigration status is compatible with the proposed work.
Third-country nationals generally require a work permit or another applicable form of work authorization, unless a statutory exemption applies, as well as a residence document that permits them to work. EU, EEA, and Swiss citizens may work in Poland without a work permit, although separate residence registration requirements may apply to longer stays.

Does a Ukrainian Citizen Need a Work Permit in Poland?

A Ukrainian citizen who qualifies as a beneficiary of temporary protection may work in Poland without a standard work permit. The employer must submit the required electronic notification to the competent district labor office through praca.gov.pl within the statutory deadline. Temporary protection is currently extended through March 4, 2027; however, employers should verify the individual’s specific status and the notification requirements in effect on the employment start date.

How Should an Employer Prepare for an Inspection Concerning the Employment of Foreign Nationals?

The most effective preparation is an internal immigration and employment compliance audit. The employer should confirm that each foreign national has valid residence and work authorization documents, that the terms of employment are consistent with those documents, and that all employer obligations have been met, including required notifications, social security registration, and retention of copies of residence documents.
This allows potential irregularities to be identified and addressed before an inspection by the Polish National Labor Inspectorate or Border Guard, reducing the risk of fines and other adverse consequences.

What Are the Penalties for Employing a Foreign National Illegally?

The unlawful employment of a foreign national may result in substantial penalties. Under the rules in force since June 2025, an employer may face a fine of up to PLN 50,000, and certain fines are calculated in proportion to the number of foreign nationals employed unlawfully, with statutory minimum amounts applying per person.
The Polish National Labor Inspectorate and Border Guard may identify violations, impose or seek fines, and take other measures available under Polish law. Violations may also affect the employer’s ability to obtain future work permits, while the most serious cases may result in criminal liability. A robust immigration compliance framework is therefore essential for any organization employing foreign nationals in Poland.

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Polish Employment Law

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Jolanta Zarzecka-Sawicka

Partner, Attorney-at-law

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